Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, ikakhulukazi ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi, kuyinto ekhathazayo kakhulu ethinta abantu abanezici eziyingozi ze-cerebrovascular ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye ne-hyperlipidemia. Kubonakala njengohlobo lokwehla kwengqondo, kusukela ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo okuncane kuya ekuwohlokeni kwengqondo, okubangelwa kakhulu yizifo ze-cerebrovascular, okuhlanganisa kokubili izimo ezisobala ezifana nesifo sohlangothi kanye nezicashile njengezilonda ezimhlophe kanye ne-cerebral ischemia engapheli. Ukuze uphathe lesi sifo ngempumelelo, ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile.
Ukuqonda Ukukhubazeka Kwemithambo Yegazi
Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kwe-Vascular kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukukhubazeka Kwemithambo Yegazi Okungeyona I-Dementia
Iziguli zivame ukuba nezici eziyingozi zesifo semithambo yegazi futhi zibonisa ukuntuleka okuncane kokuqonda okungahlangabezani nezindinganiso ze-dementia. Ukwehla kokuqonda kungabonakala ngokuzumayo noma kancane kancane, okuvame ukubonwa njengokwehla kwenkumbulo, ukucabanga okungabonakali, kanye nokwahlulela, okuhambisana nezinguquko zobuntu. Noma kunjalo, amakhono okuphila kwansuku zonke ngokuvamile ahlala engashintshi.
2. I-Vascular Dementia
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva kweminyaka engama-60, lolu hlobo lwe-dementia luvame ukulandelwa umlando we-stroke futhi lubonakala ngokuwohloka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwengqondo okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-dementia. Iziguli zingase zibe nokukhubazeka okukhulu emisebenzini yokuphatha - okuhlanganisa ukubeka imigomo, ukuhlela, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga - kanye nokwehla okubonakalayo kwenkumbulo yesikhathi esifushane kanye namakhono okusebenzisa izibalo. Izimpawu zezinzwa ezihambisana nazo zingafaka phakathi ukunganaki, ukuncipha kokuxhumana ngamazwi, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Izindlela Zokwelapha Ezijwayelekile
Isibikezelo sokukhubazeka kokuqonda kwemithambo yegazi sithuthuka kakhulu uma kutholakala ukuthi isifo sikhona kusenesikhathi. Amasu okwelapha ahlanganisa okulandelayo:
1. Ukwelashwa Kwezifo Zegazi
Ukubhekana nokwelapha isifo semithambo yegazi kanye nezici zaso eziyingozi kuyitshe elibalulekile ekuphatheni ukukhubazeka kokuqonda kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwe-antiplatelet, ukwelashwa kokwehlisa amafutha, kanye nokuphathwa komfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela.
2. Ukuphathwa Kwezimpawu Zokuqonda
Ama-inhibitor e-Cholinesterase, njenge-Donepezil, kanye nama-NMDA receptor antagonists, njenge-Memantine, angathuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo ezigulini ezine-dementia yemithambo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwawo ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo kwemithambo yegazi okungeyona i-dementia akukacaci. Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungafaka i-Vitamin E, i-Vitamin C, i-Ginkgo biloba extracts, i-Piracetam, ne-Nicergoline.
3. Ukwelashwa Ngezimpawu
Ezigulini ezibonisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka, ama-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) angaba usizo. Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo, njenge-Olanzapine ne-Risperidone, ingase inikezwe ukulawula okwesikhashana imibono engekho, ukukhohliswa, kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha okubukhali.
Indima Yokwelashwa Kwe-Hyperbaric Oxygen
Ukwelashwa Nge-Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) kuyanda njengendlela entsha yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kobuchopho kubantu abanokukhubazeka kokuqonda.Izindlela zayo zokwelapha zifaka:
1. Amazinga e-Oxygen Akhuphukile
I-HBO inyusa okuqukethwe komoya-mpilo kanye nokucindezela okuyingxenye, ithuthukise ukusabalala komoya-mpilo futhi ithuthukise ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi ezicutshini zobuchopho ezithintekile, okungase kuzuze inkumbulo kanye nesimo sengqondo.
2. Izakhiwo Ezithuthukisiwe Zamaseli Abomvu Egazi
Kunciphisa i-hematocrit futhi kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukujiya kwegazi.
3. Ukubuyiselwa Kwezindawo Ezine-Ischemic
I-HBO ikhuthaza ukululama kwe-ischemic penumbra,ukwenza lula ukululama kwemizwa nokuvuselelwa kwayo.
4. Ukunciphisa Ukulimala Kokuphindeka Kwamanzi
Ngokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa komlamuleli wokuvuvukala, i-HBO isiza ekuvikeleni izicubu ze-neural ekulimaleni.
5. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwe-Neurovascular Dynamics
I-HBOkuthuthukisa i-hemodynamics yobuchopho, kwandisa i-BDNF yangaphakathi, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo.
6. Ukuthuthukiswa Kokuvunyelwa Kwezithiyo Zegazi Nobuchopho
Kuthuthukisa ukungena kwesithiyo segazi nobuchopho, kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwemithi kanye nesilinganiso sokumuncwa kwayo.
Isiphetho
Ukukhubazeka kwemithambo yegazi engqondweni kudala izinselele ezinkulu, kodwa ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokungenelela kungaholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu. Ukwelashwa Nge-Oxygen Ene-Hyperbaric kunikeza indlela ethembisayo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo nokuvikela ubuchopho ekuwohlokeni okuqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-02-2024